1. What command must the DBA execute to initiate an instance recovery?
A. RECOVER DATABASE
B. RECOVER INSTANCE
C. RECOVER TABLESPACE
D. No command is necessary.
Answer: D
The instance recovery is automatic.
Chapter: 6
2. What process is in charge of writing data to the online redo logs?
A. Log buffer
B. ARCn
C. Data buffers
D. LGWR
Answer: D
The LGWR, or log writer process, writes changes from the log buffers to the online redo logs.
Chapter: 6
3. What are the file structures related to recovery? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Redo logs
B. Archived logs
C. Log buffers
D. Data files
Answer: A, B, D
Redo logs, archived logs, and data files are all file structures that are associated with recovery. Log buffers are memory structures.
Chapter: 6
4. What file structure consists of a binary file that stores information about all the physical components of the database?
A. Redo log
B. Data file
C. Control file
D. Archived logs
Answer: C
The control file is a binary file that stores all the information about the physical components of the database.
Chapter: 6
5. Which of the following are processes associated with recovery? (Choose all that apply.)
A. PMON
B. SMON
C. ARCn
D. DBWR
Answer: A, B, C
PMON, SMON, and ARCn are all associated with some part of the recovery process. PMON recovers failed processes, SMON assists in instance recovery, and ARCn generates archived logs used to recover the database. The DBWR writes data to the data files when appropriate.
Chapter: 6
6. In Oracle9i, which process is responsible for performing checkpointing?
A. SMON
B. PMON
C. LGWR
D. CKPT
Answer: D
The CKPT process performs all the checkpointing. This process starts by default.
Chapter: 6
7. Which of the following are memory structures? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Rollback segments
B. Log buffers
C. Data block buffers
D. Data files
Answer: B, C
There are only two memory structures related to recovery: log buffers and data block buffers.
Chapter: 6
8. What type of shutdown requires an instance recovery upon startup?
A. SHUTDOWN NORMAL
B. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
C. SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL
D. SHUTDOWN ABORT
Answer: D
SHUTDOWN ABORT requires an instance recovery upon startup because the data files are not checkpointed during shutdown.
Chapter: 6
9. What events trigger a checkpoint to take place? (Choose all that apply.)
A. CKPT
B. SHUTDOWN NORMAL
C. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
D. Log switch
Answer: B, C, D
The SHUTDOWN NORMAL and SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE events checkpoint all necessary physical database structures. Switching log files forces a checkpoint of all necessary physical database structures. The CKPT process is responsible for initiating or performing the checkpoint; it doesn't cause it.
Chapter: 6
10. What procedure is responsible for stamping the SCN to all necessary physical database structures?
A. Read-consistent image
B. Checkpointing
C. Commits
D. Rollbacks
Answer: B
Checkpointing is the procedure initiated by the CKPT process, which stamps all the data files, redo logs, and control files with the latest SCN.
Chapter: 6
11. The dirty buffers get written to disk when what event occurs?
A. A commit occurs.
B. A rollback occurs.
C. Checkpoint occurs.
D. SHUTDOWN ABORT occurs.
Answer: C
A checkpoint causes dirty buffers to be flushed to disk. A SHUTDOWN NORMAL or SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE causes a checkpoint on shutdown, but a SHUTDOWN ABORT doesn't force a checkpoint. This is why instance recovery is necessary upon startup. A rollback and commit do not cause a checkpoint.
Chapter: 6
12. What database process is not mandatory or present at startup of the database?
A. PMON
B. CKPT
C. SMON
D. ARCn
Answer: D
The ARCn process is not a required at startup. This process is only used if the database is running in archive mode.
Chapter: 6
13. What is the primary background process responsible for instance recovery?
A. PMON
B. LGWR
C. SMON
D. ARCn
Answer: C
The SMON process is responsible for the majority of instance recovery.
Chapter: 6
14. What is a redo log that is being actively written to called?
A. Online archived log
B. Current online redo log
C. Online redo log
D. Offline redo log
Answer: B
A current online redo log is a log that is being written to by the LGWR process.
Chapter: 6
15. What is a redo log that is not currently being written to and is instead copied to a new location called?
A. Online archived log
B. Current online redo log
C. Offline redo log
D. Online redo log
Answer: C
Archived logs are offline redo logs. These are redo logs that are copied to a new location before the LGWR writes over them.
Chapter: 6
16. Which file structure joins the physical structures of the database to the logical database structure?
A. Table
B. Control file
C. Redo log
D. Data file
Answer: D
The data file is a physical structure that makes up a logical tablespace.
Chapter: 6
17. Which memory structure is responsible for temporarily storing redo log entries?
A. Large pool
B. Database buffers
C. Log buffers
D. Shared pool
Answer: C
The log buffers are responsible for temporarily holding log entries that will be written to the redo logs.
Chapter: 6
18. What is having more than one control file called?
A. Multiple control files
B. Duplicating control files
C. Multiplexing control files
D. Duplexing control files
Answer: C
You should always have more than one control file to protect against the loss of one. This practice is called multiplexing control files.
Chapter: 6
19. What event happens when a log switch occurs?
A. An archived log is created.
B. A checkpoint occurs.
C. All transactions are committed.
D. All pending transactions are committed.
Answer: B
A log switch forces a checkpoint immediately as part of the synchronization process for recovery.
Chapter: 6
20. What is a physical structure that is new to Oracle9i?
A. All parameter files
B. Multiplexed control files
C. init.ora
D. spfile.ora
Answer: D
The spfile.ora parameter file is new to Oracle9i. The init.ora file has been around since the beginning of the Oracle database, but the spfile.ora file is a new binary initialization file.
Chapter: 6
A. RECOVER DATABASE
B. RECOVER INSTANCE
C. RECOVER TABLESPACE
D. No command is necessary.
Answer: D
The instance recovery is automatic.
Chapter: 6
2. What process is in charge of writing data to the online redo logs?
A. Log buffer
B. ARCn
C. Data buffers
D. LGWR
Answer: D
The LGWR, or log writer process, writes changes from the log buffers to the online redo logs.
Chapter: 6
3. What are the file structures related to recovery? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Redo logs
B. Archived logs
C. Log buffers
D. Data files
Answer: A, B, D
Redo logs, archived logs, and data files are all file structures that are associated with recovery. Log buffers are memory structures.
Chapter: 6
4. What file structure consists of a binary file that stores information about all the physical components of the database?
A. Redo log
B. Data file
C. Control file
D. Archived logs
Answer: C
The control file is a binary file that stores all the information about the physical components of the database.
Chapter: 6
5. Which of the following are processes associated with recovery? (Choose all that apply.)
A. PMON
B. SMON
C. ARCn
D. DBWR
Answer: A, B, C
PMON, SMON, and ARCn are all associated with some part of the recovery process. PMON recovers failed processes, SMON assists in instance recovery, and ARCn generates archived logs used to recover the database. The DBWR writes data to the data files when appropriate.
Chapter: 6
6. In Oracle9i, which process is responsible for performing checkpointing?
A. SMON
B. PMON
C. LGWR
D. CKPT
Answer: D
The CKPT process performs all the checkpointing. This process starts by default.
Chapter: 6
7. Which of the following are memory structures? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Rollback segments
B. Log buffers
C. Data block buffers
D. Data files
Answer: B, C
There are only two memory structures related to recovery: log buffers and data block buffers.
Chapter: 6
8. What type of shutdown requires an instance recovery upon startup?
A. SHUTDOWN NORMAL
B. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
C. SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL
D. SHUTDOWN ABORT
Answer: D
SHUTDOWN ABORT requires an instance recovery upon startup because the data files are not checkpointed during shutdown.
Chapter: 6
9. What events trigger a checkpoint to take place? (Choose all that apply.)
A. CKPT
B. SHUTDOWN NORMAL
C. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
D. Log switch
Answer: B, C, D
The SHUTDOWN NORMAL and SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE events checkpoint all necessary physical database structures. Switching log files forces a checkpoint of all necessary physical database structures. The CKPT process is responsible for initiating or performing the checkpoint; it doesn't cause it.
Chapter: 6
10. What procedure is responsible for stamping the SCN to all necessary physical database structures?
A. Read-consistent image
B. Checkpointing
C. Commits
D. Rollbacks
Answer: B
Checkpointing is the procedure initiated by the CKPT process, which stamps all the data files, redo logs, and control files with the latest SCN.
Chapter: 6
11. The dirty buffers get written to disk when what event occurs?
A. A commit occurs.
B. A rollback occurs.
C. Checkpoint occurs.
D. SHUTDOWN ABORT occurs.
Answer: C
A checkpoint causes dirty buffers to be flushed to disk. A SHUTDOWN NORMAL or SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE causes a checkpoint on shutdown, but a SHUTDOWN ABORT doesn't force a checkpoint. This is why instance recovery is necessary upon startup. A rollback and commit do not cause a checkpoint.
Chapter: 6
12. What database process is not mandatory or present at startup of the database?
A. PMON
B. CKPT
C. SMON
D. ARCn
Answer: D
The ARCn process is not a required at startup. This process is only used if the database is running in archive mode.
Chapter: 6
13. What is the primary background process responsible for instance recovery?
A. PMON
B. LGWR
C. SMON
D. ARCn
Answer: C
The SMON process is responsible for the majority of instance recovery.
Chapter: 6
14. What is a redo log that is being actively written to called?
A. Online archived log
B. Current online redo log
C. Online redo log
D. Offline redo log
Answer: B
A current online redo log is a log that is being written to by the LGWR process.
Chapter: 6
15. What is a redo log that is not currently being written to and is instead copied to a new location called?
A. Online archived log
B. Current online redo log
C. Offline redo log
D. Online redo log
Answer: C
Archived logs are offline redo logs. These are redo logs that are copied to a new location before the LGWR writes over them.
Chapter: 6
16. Which file structure joins the physical structures of the database to the logical database structure?
A. Table
B. Control file
C. Redo log
D. Data file
Answer: D
The data file is a physical structure that makes up a logical tablespace.
Chapter: 6
17. Which memory structure is responsible for temporarily storing redo log entries?
A. Large pool
B. Database buffers
C. Log buffers
D. Shared pool
Answer: C
The log buffers are responsible for temporarily holding log entries that will be written to the redo logs.
Chapter: 6
18. What is having more than one control file called?
A. Multiple control files
B. Duplicating control files
C. Multiplexing control files
D. Duplexing control files
Answer: C
You should always have more than one control file to protect against the loss of one. This practice is called multiplexing control files.
Chapter: 6
19. What event happens when a log switch occurs?
A. An archived log is created.
B. A checkpoint occurs.
C. All transactions are committed.
D. All pending transactions are committed.
Answer: B
A log switch forces a checkpoint immediately as part of the synchronization process for recovery.
Chapter: 6
20. What is a physical structure that is new to Oracle9i?
A. All parameter files
B. Multiplexed control files
C. init.ora
D. spfile.ora
Answer: D
The spfile.ora parameter file is new to Oracle9i. The init.ora file has been around since the beginning of the Oracle database, but the spfile.ora file is a new binary initialization file.
Chapter: 6
